How Agent Handoffs Work in Multi-Agent Systems

Multi-agent systems address the limitations of single LLM-based agents by connecting multiple specialized agents to handle complex tasks. A key concept in these systems is the "agentic handoff," where one agent dynamically transfers control and context to another. The LangGraph framework is used to illustrate this process through a supervisor pattern, where a central agent coordinates specialized worker agents. An example real estate assistant demonstrates a supervisor agent routing queries to either a property profile agent or a transaction history agent based on user intent. The handoff criteria and routing logic are explicitly defined in the supervisor agent's system prompt to ensure tasks are sent to the correct specialist.